Статистическая оценка сопутствующих патологических процессов при аденоме простаты

Department of morphopathology, Department of urology and surgical nephrology, Nicolae Tesmitsanu State University of Medicine and FarmacyThis study aims to assess the statistical figures of morphopathological aspects of prostatic adenoma using the methods of statistical processing and analyzing to determine the informative indices of variability and the trend of the development of the pathological processes concurrent to the Benign Prostate Hiperplasia (BPH). It has been found that in 30 patients aged 45-68 along with BPH the pathological processes with a predominance of the inflammatory, dystrophic and discirculatory ones, involving all the structural elements of the adenoma and its bordering zones, have been identified. The level of activity of the processes, including the inflammatory processes in the peripheral area has been found out. The inflammatory processes of moderate and emphasized activity (the IInd and IIId degrees) have made up a maximum frequency and accounted for 77% of the cases, being followed by circulatory disorders of the IInd and IIId degrees of activity, what has corresponded to 76% of cases. В данном исследовании отражена статистическая оценка морфопатологических аспектов, выявленных при аденоме простаты, использованы методы статистической обработки и анализа для выявления информативных параметров вариабельности, а также тенденции развития патологических процессов, которые сопутствуют доброкачественной гиперплазии простаты (ДГП). Установлено, что у 30 пациентов в возрасте 45-68 лет, одновременно с ДГП присутствуют патологические процессы, преимущественно воспалительные, дисциркуляторные и дистрофические, включающие все структурные элементы аденомы и ее пограничной зоны. Выявлена степень активности процессов, в том числе на периферии, что соответствовало зоне энуклеации аденомы. Воспалительные процессы умеренной и выраженной степени активности (II-III степень) соответствовали максимальной частоте и составили 77% случаев, за ними следовали дисциркуляторные нарушения II-III степени, которые составили 76%

Changes of free radical oxidation and of antioxidant defense system in peripheral blood and fluid discharged from prostate draining lodge in large transbladder adenomectomy

Department of Urology, Holy Trinity Municipal Hospital, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Urology and Surgical Nephrology, Department of Pathomorphology, Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: This study is dedicated to determination of the peculiarities of the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system processes in the patients with prostate adenoma (PA), and the correlation between blood serum and fluid draining from lodge after adenomectomy with the aim of highlighting the risk factors of this pathology. Material and methods: There were studied 79 men aged 50-75 years, divided into two specific groups: group 1 – 49 men with PA treated surgically by transvezical method, modified by us and group 2 – 30 healthy men. Results: The results showed that in PA the processes of lipid oxidation with production of reactive oxygen species increased, confirmed by marked increasing of hydroperoxides of lipids, keto-diene conjugates and carbonyl compounds. There had been an impressive increase of the malondialdehyde level in both blood serum at pre- and postoperative stages and in the drained fluids from the lodge in patients of group 1. A deficiency of antioxidants was demonstrated by total antioxidant reduced activity and decreased functionality of the main antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase in pre- and post-operative periods, as well as in fluids from the drained lodge in group 2. Conclusions: It was found that oxygen species manifested an imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant protective system and they are an important pathogenic cause in self-maintenance and exacerbation of inflammatory response that can influence the pre- and postoperative evolution of PA, a predictive factor in developing treatment strategies, postoperative management

Biochemical profile of the proteolytic processes in blood serum and in the prostatic lodge fluid at the patients with transvesical adenomectomy with the usage of endourethral drainage

IP USMF "Nicolae Testemiţanu", IMSP Spitalul Clinic Municipal "Sf. Treime", Secţia Urologie, Al VI-lea Congres de Urologie, Dializă şi Transplant Renal din Republica Moldova cu participare internaţională (21-23 octombrie 2015)Studiului constă în evaluarea proceselor proteolitice în serul sanguin în perioada pre - şi postoperatorie la pacienţii cu AP şi în eliminările din loja după adenomectomie întru determinarea rolului lorpredictiv în evoluţia proceselor lezionare concomitente şi monitorizării hemostazeiîn loja prostatică utilizând drenarea endouretrală a lo je i. Cercetările actualului studiu sunt de tip prospectiv fiind bazate pe un eşantion de 65 bărbaţi, conlocuitori ai R. Moldova, cu vârsta între 50-75 ani. Eşantionul general de studiu a fost divizat în două loturi specifice Lf - lotul de cercetare cu AP (n=45)şi LM - lotul m artor(n=20). în lotul de cercetare, sa inclus pacienţi cu AP rezolvat chirurgical prin metoda transvezicală în modificarea elaborată şi propusă de noi, [3] (fig.1). Sa constatat că în cadrul evoluţiei AP are loc creşterea pronunţată a funcţionalităţii majorităţii enzimelor proteolitice atât în serul sanguin cât şi în eliminările din lojă. Sa stabilit unii parametrii aşa ca SN şi MMM în serul sanguin şi la nivel de lojă, servind drept marcheri ale prezenţei intoxicaţiei endogene şi toxicităţii din serul sanguin ca rezultat a proceselor proteolitice derulate în cadrul AP şi postoperatoriu. Este relevantă importanţa rezultatelor obţinute privind sensibilitatea diferită a proteazelor acide în AP, fapt ce confirmă că utilizarea drenării lojei deschide noi posibilităţi a unei tactici medico-chirurgicale şi terapeutice alternative în optimizarea unei hemostaze la nivel de lojă.Summary The aim of study is to appreciate proteolytic processes both in blood serum and the lodge drainage fluid in the pre-and post-operative period in patients with BPH after adenomectomy in order to identify their predictive role in the development of concomitant injurious processes and monitoring of the hemostasis in the prostatic lodge using endourethral drainage. Current research is a prospective study based on a sample of 65 men from the Republic of Moldova, aged 50-75 years. General study sample was divided into two specific lots: Rg - research group with PA, (n = 45) and Cg - control group (n = 20). The research group included patients with PA surgically solved by the changed transvesical method developed and proposed by us. It was found that in the evolution of PA most proteolytic enzymes functionality is increasing both in the blood serum and in the fluid drained from the lodge. Were determined some parameters such as SN and MMM in blood serum and in the lodge, serving as markers of endogenous intoxication presence and toxicity of blood serum as a result of proteolytic processes developed within BPH and postoperatively. The results revealed the importance of the different sensitivity of the acidic proteases in BPH, which confirms that the use of lodge drainage opens new possibilities of alternative surgical and therapeutic tactics to optimize the hemostasis in the prostatic lodge

The estimation of the peculiarities and the activity degree of the consisting inflammatory processes in the benign prostatic hyperplasia

Secţia Urologie, IMSP Spitalul Clinic Municipal “ Sf. Treime”, Catedra Morfopatologie, USMF „N. Testemiţanu”, Secţia Ştiinţifică Morfopatologie, IMSP Institutul de Cercetări Ştiinţifice în Domeniul Ocrotirii Sănătăţii Mamei şi Copilului, Catedra Urologie şi Nefrologie Chirurgicală, USMF „N. Testemiţanu”, Al V-lea Congres de Urologie, Dializă şi Transplant Renal din Republica Moldova cu participare internaţională (1-13 iunie 2011)Summary. The conducted study has the aim to estimate the histopathological peculiarities of the inflammatory processes, evaluated in prostatic nodular hyperplasia, the character and the activity of these processes in the area of nodular hyperplasia structures, and the border limit in the adenectomy. The results of the morphopathological study allowed detailed diagnosis of the prostatic hyperplasia. Severe modifications of inflammatory origin and considerable implications of the structural-architectonical components indicate concomitant persisting or coexisting of chronic or acute prostatitis. The establishment of the lesion character, activity degree of the inflammatory process, saving border limit in the surgical management regarding the residual cavity of cleavage and postoperative prognosis was the second aim of the study. It facilitates the choice of the best therapeutic and surgical approach. The character of the inflammatory processes coexisting with prostatic benign hyperplasia was evaluated. A clinical-morphological concept of inflammatory associations in prostate benign hyperplasia was formulated

Novel Rodent Models for Macular Research

BACKGROUND: Many disabling human retinal disorders involve the central retina, particularly the macula. However, the commonly used rodent models in research, mouse and rat, do not possess a macula. The purpose of this study was to identify small laboratory rodents with a significant central region as potential new models for macular research. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Gerbillus perpallidus, Meriones unguiculatus and Phodopus campbelli, laboratory rodents less commonly used in retinal research, were subjected to confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO), fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) using standard equipment (Heidelberg Engineering HRA1 and Spectralis™) adapted to small rodent eyes. The existence of a visual streak-like pattern was assessed on the basis of vascular topography, retinal thickness, and the topography of retinal ganglion cells and cone photoreceptors. All three species examined showed evidence of a significant horizontal streak-like specialization. cSLO angiography and retinal wholemounts revealed that superficial retinal blood vessels typically ramify and narrow into a sparse capillary net at the border of the respective area located dorsal to the optic nerve. Similar to the macular region, there was an absence of larger blood vessels in the streak region. Furthermore, the thickness of the photoreceptor layer and the population density of neurons in the ganglion cell layer were markedly increased in the visual streak region. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The retinal specializations of Gerbillus perpallidus, Meriones unguiculatus and Phodopus campbelli resemble features of the primate macula. Hence, the rodents reported here may serve to study aspects of macular development and diseases like age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema, and the preclinical assessment of therapeutic strategies

Review of the techniques used in motor‐cognitive human‐robot skill transfer

Abstract A conventional robot programming method extensively limits the reusability of skills in the developmental aspect. Engineers programme a robot in a targeted manner for the realisation of predefined skills. The low reusability of general‐purpose robot skills is mainly reflected in inability in novel and complex scenarios. Skill transfer aims to transfer human skills to general‐purpose manipulators or mobile robots to replicate human‐like behaviours. Skill transfer methods that are commonly used at present, such as learning from demonstrated (LfD) or imitation learning, endow the robot with the expert's low‐level motor and high‐level decision‐making ability, so that skills can be reproduced and generalised according to perceived context. The improvement of robot cognition usually relates to an improvement in the autonomous high‐level decision‐making ability. Based on the idea of establishing a generic or specialised robot skill library, robots are expected to autonomously reason about the needs for using skills and plan compound movements according to sensory input. In recent years, in this area, many successful studies have demonstrated their effectiveness. Herein, a detailed review is provided on the transferring techniques of skills, applications, advancements, and limitations, especially in the LfD. Future research directions are also suggested

Ozone photolysis of paracetamol in aqueous solution.

The degradation of a paracetamol (N-acetil-para-aminofenol) aqueous solution (C-0 (P) = 5mmol L-1) is studied in a bench-scale setup by means of simple ozonation (O-3) and ozonation catalyzed with UV light (O-3/UV) in order to quantify the influence of UV light on the degradation process. The results have shown that under the adopted experimental conditions (25 degrees C, applied ozone dose = 9.8mg L-1 and gas flow rate of 20 L h(1)) both oxidative systems are capable of removing the substrate with mineralization degrees up to 51% for ozonation and 53% for O-3/UV. HPICE chromatography allowed the detection of nitrate ions and maleic and oxalic acids as ultimate carboxylic acids. The experimental data have been interpreted through 5 indicators: the conversion of paracetamol (X-P ), the conversion degree of TOC (X-TOC ), the apparent rate constant (k(ap) ), the Hatta number (Ha) and the enhancement factor (E). The main advantage of photo-ozonation compared to simple ozonation was a more advanced conversion (79% vs. 92% after 90min). The paracetamol decay follows a pseudofirst-order reaction with a superior rate constant (higher by 54%) for the UV catalyzed system in comparison with direct ozonation. Mineralization is slightly accelerated (+4%) in the O-3/UV system, due to the additional production of hydroxyl radicals induced by the UV light and a higher Hatta number (+24%). Nevertheless, the process was still in the slow reaction kinetic regime (Ha < 0.3), and the enhancement factor was not significantly increased. The results are useful for the design and scale-up of the gas-liquid processes

Degradation studies of ciprofloxacin on a pillared iron catalyst.

Photo-assisted Fenton mineralization of ciprofloxacin (CFX), a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in human and veterinary medicine was studied using a modified laponite clay-based Fe nanocomposite (Fe-Lap-RD) as a heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and UV light. The catalytic performance has been monitored in terms of CFX (0.15 mM) and total organic carbon (TOC) conversions, whereas the catalyst stability was evaluated according to the metal leached from the solid structure into the aqueous solution. The Fe-Lap-RD was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) techniques. Further, the effects of reaction parameters such as H2O2 concentration, Fe-Lap-RD catalyst loading and initial solution pH on the mineralization of CFX were investigated. It was found that at the optimal reaction conditions (60 mM H2O2, 1.0 g L-1 Fe-Lap-RD, initial solution pH 3.0), complete CFX degradation and over 57% total organic carbon (TOC) removal of CFX can be achieved after 30 min reaction. In addition degradation and mineralization kinetics of CFX was also studied to obtain apparent reaction rate constants. The photo-Fenton degradation of CFX follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Fe-Lap-RD exhibits good catalytic activity in the photodegradation and mineralization of CFX, with negligible leaching of Fe ions from the catalyst structure

Comparison of different advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of two fluoroquinolone antibiotics in aqueous solutions.

In this study a comparative assessment using various advanced oxidation processes (UV/H2O2, UV/H2O2/Fe(II), O3, O3/UV, O3/UV/H2O2 and O3/UV/H2O2/Fe(II)) was attempted to degrade efficiently two fluoroquinolone drugs ENR [enrofloxacin (1-Cyclopropyl-7-(4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolonecarboxylic acid)] and CIP [ciprofloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid)] in aqueous solutions at a concentrations of 0.15 mM for each drug. The efficiency of the applied oxidation processes (AOPs) has been estimated by the conversion of the original substrate (XENR and XCIP) and the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC). Special emphasis was laid on the effect of varying reaction pH as well as of the applied oxidant doses on the observed reaction kinetics for each advanced oxidation processes. High degradation efficiencies, particularly in terms of rates of TOC and COD abatement, were obtained for photo-Fenton assisted ozonation [O3/UV/H2O2/Fe(II)], compared to other advanced oxidation processes. At pH 3 and 25 degrees C best results for the degradation of both investigated drugs were achieved when 10 mM H2O2, 0.5 mM Fe(II) and an initial dose of 8.5 mg L-1 ozone were applied. In addition, the evolution of toxicity of the reaction mixtures for different AOPs has been studied by the bioluminescence test (LUMIStox 300)